Top Essay Topics Related to Science and Technology Choices

Top Essay Topics Related to Science and Technology Choices Understanding Essay Topics Related to Science and Technology Making a list of the benefits and disadvantages is the ideal beginning to writing an advantages and disadvantages essay about inflation. Other folks argue that it's more difficult and dangerous. Use certain reasons and examples to back up your answer. Do everything you can to maintain your tone throughout the essay instead of just at the beginning when you might truly feel a burst of creativity. Take notes using index cards so you are able to keep everything organized. The body should incorporate all the points you wish to cover to explain or confirm your topic sentence. Deciding on a superb topic makes it simpler to write since there's a need to decide on the reach of the topic that's neither too narrow nor too wide. Experts claim that there's a means to tell whether a kid will get a criminal from a young age. Plastic surgery can create an ugly woman a stunning lady. The matter of athletic fitness ought to be dealt which much more strictness. The social issues associated with sports ought to be the obligation of the sports management and not players. Learning materials As people study, the appropriate collection of articles dramatically boosts the practice. There are lots of formats of write up and you have to understa nd the fundamental differences about them so you can write whatever you are requested to write. Nonetheless, if you'd like to understand how to compose a scientific paper in a thriving fashion, consider these tips. Delivering a paper which is full of mistakes can influence your total performance in a negative way. Development, while it is human development or country development, is linked to the suitable rise and maturation of the technology in a lot of ways. Each client is every bit as significant to us, regardless of the degree of student paper they want or the sum of money one has paid for the services. You should be quite diligent in your approach so you can find with a very good work. If you are searching for assistance with your essay then we provide a comprehensive writing service given by fully qualified academics in your area of study. Development of the science and technology depends upon the analysis and appropriate comprehension of facts. If you should prepare a research paper and select a topic for Earth science, you've got many of great options to select from. Topic selection is an absolutely free service for our clients. You ought to use technology to deal with your works not to get hooked on it. Otherwise, there are a number of resources out there to assist you in making your pick. Or the discussion might concentrate on one specific group (like millennials) and the way in which they affect the economy. Likewise quick way of communication have brought the peoples of earth together. What You Can Do About Essay Topics Related to Science and Technology Beginning in the Next 15 Minutes Its function in relationship to the maturation of the web is also explored. Be aware the following as you make an account and start completing an application. Data Security It is principally dependent on the misuse of te chnology. Internet Censorship A debatable topic dependent on the information flow over the net. You will undoubtedly delight in the experience. You cannot allow your grades suffer just because of a couple challenges. Due to the quantity of pressure, a few of the students are under they get too nervous and they're not able to submit their work in time. In the present error where a growing number of students are opting to be in the discipline of science, it's inevitable they will write an essay. The New Angle On Essay Topics Related to Science and Technology Just Released Also, you must know and understand that science essays are more or less different from several other varieties of essays. Social science essays offer you an opportunity to present your opinion and speak up. As you have observed, different kinds of essay topics have various techniques to approach them, and in addition, they have their own benefits. If you use one of these topics you are going to be able to compose an excellent essay. Developing a criterion for the evaluation essay topic together with the effective judgment from the face of the author is the fundamental requirement of an evaluation essay. Moreover, a suitable Conclusion is demanded. Useful suggestions on topic definition can be located in Topic selection section. Arrange the body of your article in line with the essay structure you will utilize to direct you.

The Topics for Presentation for Students Cover Up

The Topics for Presentation for Students Cover Up Many spiritual and metaphysical teachings imply that the earth has a larger destiny and purpose that it was developed to fulfill. You are able to paraphrase the ideas you prefer and make them yours. How teachers spend their time when they're not teaching. Questionnaires may also be printed, which can be especially beneficial in case of terrible network. Because there are several diverse subjects, it may be quite tough for you to discover suitable topics for presentation assignments. The most important step to success is to explore what's trendy dependent on the subject you study and earn a list of all feasible ideas. Better do not speak on the points which you do not feel comfortable to speak about. Make bold statement both in print and the way you project your voice when presenting. A client is prepared to sit and listen to you which usually means you have passed the very first wave of credentials. Thinkabout the message you want to convey. Think of the vital message you want to get across. The most important use of humor is to convince the audience by means of your overview. It's freely available for anybody who owns a post mac 2013. You might be interested in one of the next ideas! A bit similar to the desktop version, which means that you are going to have a couple challenges. Some killer topics for the best speeches It can be a rather challenging job for students to think of an English speech topic. Most of the folks have a tendency to run away from politics and thus the politics essays too, therefore it is quite important to grab the eye of the readers till the conclusion of the essay and that would be much difficult I know. Following are a few of the suggested sociology essay topic for those students that are unable to choose a great topic for their assignment. How to discover funny speech topics in one day. Even the quantity of pictures is dependent upon the subject of your pick. In seven words, four are funny. Once you choose this issue, you've got to revolve around the key points of the speech. Before you start to write you need to discover aninteresting topic for your spoken word piece. If You Read Nothing Else Today, Read This Report on Topics for Presentation for Students The results will certainly wow the judges! There are a lot of methods you may use to determine how fast you're speaking. Perhaps you have failed many times. It's possible to discuss the problems and the way you could solve them. The Importance of Topics for Presentation for Students As lots of folks who've been in a similar position without any additional help from presentation skills training felt, an office presentation may be an unpredictable issue to handle much like how all of us perceive life. There's no need to inform you hobbies can be hugely varied and exciting. The other method to tell an up coming story is focusing on the negative facets and the effect of non-action. Presentation skills training and other personal programs are sometimes a huge aid in making people reach their complete potential. Business trainers and students often face the should choose one to present critical suggestions and solutions to unique problems facing their audience. Bear in mind that a successful presentation is a mix of interesting info and helpful visual aids. Proper Planning Prevents Poor Performance Overpreparation will help you become prepared for anything and supply you with the wisdom and confidence that you're able to handle whatever comes your way onstage. The Bad Side of Topics for Presentation for Students Actually, however great a speaker is, he or she will surely be feel anxious and nervous. It is going to be better in the event that you consider and understand your audience. To tell the truth, speech isn't a kid's play. Anyway, a firmly humorous speech intends to produce the audience laugh.

Should Abortion Be Legal - 1481 Words

Abortion has been around for many years. It is a very popular method to rid the woman’s body of an unborn child. Overtime the laws have changed drastically about abortion and women’s rights. Back in the 13th century abortion was considered homicide and was punishable by hanging. Later it became legal only if it was necessary to save a woman’s life. Eventually things got out of hand and abortion was banned completely, then slowly the laws came back into play after half a century (Rich and Wagner). Abortion for many people is considered okay as long as it is the woman’s choice, but other people think it is wrong and should be considered as murder to a human life. Although abortion is a very hot topic in today’s society is it really the best†¦show more content†¦They are normally involved in pro-choice organizations. Their mission is to try and educate women about abortion in a positive manner and make them feel secure about their decisions. T hey feel that it is the woman’s right to be able to choose what they feel is best. Between these two groups of people there are many contributing factors that make them feel and act the way they do. One of the contributing factors as to why people feel that abortion should be banned completely is their religious beliefs. Religion is a sufficient cause and is a very hot topic just like abortion. Different religions each have their own viewpoints on abortion. According to â€Å"Religious views on abortion† it states that early Christian traditions are against abortion because the Bible repeatedly refers to children before birth as very small/young children. As said in the Bible â€Å"children are a gift from the lord; they are a reward from him† (Psalm 127:3). Therefore children are a gift from God and they should be cherished. Also said in the bible is â€Å"you must not murder† (Exodus 20:13). Another religion, such as Catholics, is against abortion because they believe that life is very sacred. An unborn baby inside a mother’s womb has no voice and no power and is considered innocent. The pro-life believers feel that there are many other options out

Essay about Inter Generational Interview - 1439 Words

Intergenerational Interview Report â€Å"The only way to make sense out of change is to plunge into it, move with it, and join the dance.†- Alan Watts Throughout history; more specifically throughout different generations, we as human beings have been subject to a certain amount of change within our society. As time goes by change is almost inevitable among a nation. Change has occurred throughout history due to specific events that have a ripple effect upon individuals. Whether the change is a result of advancing technology, social climate, or foreign influence there is little chance of preventing the effect it will have on society. It is difficult to argue that we have not seen a paradigm shift in social attitudes from generation to†¦show more content†¦When asked about his sense of community during his childhood, my Grandfather spoke about how much his family and his neighbours relied on each other to survive and to keep each other in good spirits. They helped farm each others land and in the end would split what was harvested. It was not until doing further research that it became obvious to me just how important th e interdependence of this tight knit community was to their survival. Between 1943 and 1945 the Dutch people faced a horrible famine that killed nearly 30,000 Dutch civilians which is an astronomical number for a two years span. (Hitchcock, 98) Seeing as my Grandfather was so young at the time he was not able to remember much about his times during the war, so instead I conducted some research on what life might have been for a Dutch civilian during that time period. During the war time the Dutch government was completely ran by Nazis and as a result many rules were implemented that were of little benefit to the people of the country. For example men from ages 18-35 were forced to work in munitions factories and do field work, Dutch people were handed out â€Å"ration cards† that would limit the amount of food they could consume within the week. (Van der Zee, 3) Evidently this was a difficult time for the Dutch people so I decided to then change the topic of discussion an d ask my Grandfather about his teenage years. To kick off the discussion theShow MoreRelatedLetter Of Public Administration Online Learning Program1118 Words   |  5 PagesMy aunt was stuck in a viciously cycle of abuse with her husband. I witnessed my mother and father take care of my aunt’s three sons while she struggled to get her life back on track. It seems as if the passion of giving and serving others is a generational attribute, and it is incredible. I have had over 9 years of diverse work experience across legal, retail, public and private sectors. Being employed by both public and private sectors gave me the opportunity to showcase my strengths and use myRead MoreSocial Stratification Mobility Essay1797 Words   |  8 Pageswas of assessing mobility within a society is by intra-generational and inter-generational mobility as well in both an individual may achieve or loss social status. Intra-generational mobility is when a person starts at one point and ends up at the other during their life time. This can be explained by a person who takes a job as a register clerk at a fast food establishment only to become a franchise owner later in life. Inter-generational mobility can be described by the child of lawyer who isRead MoreHuman Resources And Human Resource Management1286 Words   |  6 Pagesmix of both, that without these skills, managers are letting businesses down. 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Drug and Alcohol Abuse Essay Example For Students

Drug and Alcohol Abuse Essay In the book Understanding Drug Use, An Adults Guide to Drugs and the Young, by Peter Marin and Allan Cohen, you find that education in our youth today is vital. In a few short years, drug taking by younger people has become a fact of life in America, and for hundreds of thousands of families this fact poses a profound problem with wrenching social, legal, and psychological implications. Faced with an upsetting and unfamiliar experience when they discover that their children are experimenting with drugs or alcohol, parents search frantically for solutions-often coming up with the wrong ones, thereby intensifying an already sensitive situation. This book seems to have been written with the parent or mentor in mind. It focuses on realistic approaches to dealing with substance abuse, and attempts to help parents and others understand why some people put themselves in these types of situations. I believe another way to limit the manufacture of drugs is to make a college education easier to achieve, therefore making honest, lucrative careers more obtainable. The state of Missouri should lower the cost of tuition in its colleges and universities and raise the amount of state money in the areas of financial aid, grants and scholarships. While this measure will contribute to a loss of state money, I believe that it will also save money by keeping potential drug manufacturers out of the jail cells and in the classrooms. I believe that it is also important to prevent people, especially children and teenagers, from using drugs and alcohol. Many children and teenagers throughout Missouri experiment with drugs every day. Programs that are already in place for children, such as the Mo Says No and Take Hugs, Not Drugs campaigns are great, but I believe that these programs should continue to the junior high and high school levels because most drug use begins here, not in elementary. For junior high students, schools should hold voluntary drug testing (with the parents consent) every month and those who test negative could receive a pizza party, a dance or something of that nature. This will reward drug-free junior high students and will encourage other students, who might have tried drugs, to do likewise. For high school students, we should provide more scholarships like the Bar S scholarship. This scholarship is for students from all levels of school up until the senior year in high school who pledge to be drug free. Once in college, these students get drug-tested every semester and the scholarship is renewed every semester they are drug-free. This is by far the best solution I have seen to keep our youth off of drugs and there should be more scholarships like it. For those who are arrested for abusing drugs and/ or alcohol, there should be mandatory rehabilitation if the party involved is convicted. A jail term, fine and/ or community service should be mandated as well, but without rehabilitation, the person convicted will be more likely to continue abusing drugs and/ or alcohol. Drug and/ or alcohol addicts need to feel love and peer support despite their faults in order to make any progress on the road to rehabilitation. Often times, a jail sentence, fine and/ or community service alone causes only resentment and defiance among addicts. These individuals need to be around people who care for them and Alcoholics and Narcotics Anonymous provides these individuals with the support that they need. In order to fully understand drug and alcohol addiction, we must first comprehend the phases of addiction itself. According to a handout given to addicts at the Lester E. Cox Medical Center the first stage of addiction is called the pleasure stage. This stage includes peer pressure, curiosity, attraction, release of inhibitions and relaxation. American Poet Analysis Essay This is the stage in which usage is relatively harmless. It is in this stage that, ideally, addiction can be stopped in the easiest way possible; before it begins. The second stage of addiction is what is called the problem stage. This is the stage in which defiance, unplanned use, preoccupation, and rapid intake takes place. When .

Clinton Files Essay Research Paper TEXT 1 free essay sample

Clinton Files Essay, Research Paper TEXT 1 On Sunday, January 21, 1996, harmonizing to Ms. Lewinsky, she and the President had another sexual brush. Her clip of White House entry is non reflected in records. She left at 3:56 p.m. The President moved from the Residence to the Oval Office at 3:33 p.m. and remained there until 7:40 p.m. On that twenty-four hours, harmonizing to Ms. Lewinsky, she saw the President in a hallway by an lift, and he invited her to the Oval Office. Harmonizing to Ms. Lewinsky: We had. . . had phone sex for the first clip the hebdomad prior, and I was experiencing a small spot insecure about whether he had liked it or didn # 8217 ; t like it. . . . I didn # 8217 ; tknow if this was kind of developing into some sort of a longer-term relationship than what I thought it ab initio might hold been, that possibly he had some regular girlfriend who was furloughed. . . . Harmonizing to Ms. Lewinsky, she questioned the President about his involvement in her. # 8220 ; I asked him why he doesn # 8217 ; t inquire me any inquiries about myself, and. . . is this merely about sex. . . or do you hold some involvement in seeking to acquire to cognize me as a individual? # 8221 ; The President laughed and said, harmonizing to Ms. Lewinsky, that # 8220 ; he cherishes the clip that he had with me. # 8221 ; She considered it # 8220 ; a small spot uneven # 8221 ; for him to talk of care foring their clip together # 8220 ; when I felt like he didn # 8217 ; t truly even cognize me yet. # 8221 ; They continued speaking as they went to the hallway by the survey. Then, with Ms. Lewinsky in mid-sentence, # 8220 ; he merely started snoging me. # 8221 ; He lifted her top and touched her chests with his custodies and oral cavity. Harmonizing to Ms. Lewinsky, the President # 8220 ; unzipped his bloomerss and kind of exposed himself, # 8221 ; and she performed unwritten sex. At one point during the brush, person entered the Oval Office. In Ms. Lewinsky # 8217 ; s remembrance, # 8220 ; The President zipped up existent rapidly and went out and came back in. . . . I merely retrieve laughing because he had walked out at that place and he was visibly aroused, and I merely thought it was funny. # 8221 ; A short clip subsequently, the President got word that his following assignment, a friend from Arkansas, had arrived. He took Ms. Lewinsky out through the Oval Office into Ms. Hernreich # 8217 ; s office, where he kissed her adieu. TEXT 2 On Sunday, February 4, harmonizing to Ms. Lewinsky, she and the President had their 6th sexual brush and their first lengthy and personal conversation. The President was in the Oval Office from 3:36 to 7:05 p.m. He had no telephone calls in the Oval Office before 4:45 p.m. Records do non demo Ms. Lewinsky # 8217 ; s entry or issue. Harmonizing to Ms. Lewinsky, the President telephoned her at her desk and they planned their rendezvous. At her suggestion, they bumped into each other in the hallway, # 8220 ; because when it happened by chance, that seemed to work truly good, # 8220 ; so walked together to the country of the private survey. There, harmonizing to Ms. Lewinsky, they kissed. She was have oning a long frock that buttoned from the cervix to the mortise joints. # 8220 ; And he unbuttoned my frock and he unhooked my bandeau, and kind of took the frock off my shoulders and. . . moved the bandeau. . . . He was looking at me and touching me and stating me how beautiful I was. # 8221 ; He touched her chests with his custodies and his oral cavity, and touched her genitalias, foremost through underwear and so straight. She performed unwritten sex on him. After their sexual brush, the President and Ms. Lewinsky sat and talked in the Oval Office for about 45 proceedingss. Ms. Lewinsky thought the President might be reacting to her suggestion during their old meeting about # 8220 ; seeking to acquire to cognize me. # 8221 ; It was during that conversation on February 4, harmonizing to Ms. Lewinsky, that their friendly relationship started to bloom. lt ;< p>When she prepared to go, harmonizing to Ms. Lewinsky, the President # 8220 ; kissed my arm and told me he # 8217 ; d name me, and so I said, yeah, good, what # 8217 ; s my phone figure? And so he recited both my place figure and my office figure off the top of his head. # 8221 ; The President called her at her desk subsequently that afternoon and said he had enjoyed their clip together. TEXT 3 We went back over by the bathroom in the hallway, and we kissed. We were caressing and he unbuttoned my frock and fondled my chests with my bandeau on, and so took them out of my bandeau and was snoging them and touching them with his custodies and with his oral cavity. And so I think I was touching him in his venereal country through his bloomerss, and I think I unbuttoned his shirt and was snoging his thorax. And so. . . I wanted to execute unwritten sex on him. . . and so I did. And so. . . I think he heard something, or he heard person in the office. So, we moved into the bathroom. And I continued to execute unwritten sex and so he pushed me off, sort of as he ever did before he came, and so I stood up and I said. . . I care about you so much ; . . . I don # 8217 ; t understand why you won # 8217 ; t allow me. . . do you semen ; it # 8217 ; s of import to me ; I mean, it merely doesn # 8217 ; t experience complete, it doesn # 8217 ; T seem right. Ms. Lewinsky testified that she and the President hugged, and # 8220 ; he said he didn # 8217 ; T privation to acquire addicted to me, and he didn # 8217 ; T want me to acquire addicted to him. # 8221 ; They looked at each other for a minute. Then, stating that # 8220 ; I don # 8217 ; t want to disappoint you, # 8221 ; the President consented. For the first clip, she performed unwritten sex through completion. TEXT 4 Harmonizing to Ms. Lewinsky, their sexual brush began with a sudden busss: # 8220 ; This was another one of those occasions when I was babbling on about something, and he merely kissed me, sort of to close me up, I think. # 8221 ; The President unfastened her blouse and touched her chests without taking her bra. # 8221 ; He went to travel set his manus down my bloomerss, and so I unzipped them because it was easier. And I didn # 8217 ; Ts have any panties on. And so he manually stimulated me. # 8221 ; Harmonizing to Ms. Lewinsky, # 8220 ; I wanted him to touch my genitalias with his genitalias, # 8221 ; and he did so, lightly and without incursion. Then Ms. Lewinsky performed unwritten sex on him, once more until he ejaculated. TEXT 5 I had set up in his dorsum office, I had brought an apple square and put a taper and had put his birthday presents out. And after he came back in and I sang happy birthday and he got his nowadayss, I asked him. . . if we could portion a birthday buss in award of our birthdays, because mine had been merely a few hebdomads earlier. So, he said that that was all right and we could sort of crook the regulations that twenty-four hours. And so. . . we kissed. Ms. Lewinsky touched the President # 8217 ; s genitalias through his bloomerss and moved to execute unwritten sex, but the President rebuffed her. In her remembrance: # 8221 ; He said, I # 8217 ; m seeking non to make this and I # 8217 ; m seeking to be good. . . .He got visibly upset. And so. . . I hugged him and I told him I was sorry and non to be upset. # 8221 ; Later, in a bill of exchange note to # 8220 ; Handsome, # 8221 ; Ms. Lewinsky referred to this visit: # 8220 ; It was atrocious when I saw you for your birthday in August. You were so distant that I missed you as I was keeping you in my arms. # 8221 ; TEXT 6 In the hallway by the survey, the President and Ms. Lewinsky kissed. On this juncture, harmonizing to Ms. Lewinsky, # 8220 ; he focused on me reasonably entirely, # 8221 ; snoging her bare chests and caressing her genitalias. At one point, the President inserted a cigar into Ms. Lewinsky # 8217 ; s vagina, so put the cigar in his oral cavity and said: # 8220 ; It tastes good. # 8221 ; After they were finished, Ms. Lewinsky left the Oval Office and walked through the Rose Garden. # 8221 ;

Question Bank free essay sample

What is Software Development Life Cycle? (SDLC) (2 mks) System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is the overall process of developing information systems through a multi-step process from investigation of initial requirements through analysis, design, implementation and maintenance. b) Draw a diagram for pure waterfall life cycle. (5 mks) [pic] c)Explain the different phases involved in waterfall life cycle. (8 mks) Phase I – Modeling Phase In this phase we view the software product as part of a larger system or organization where the product is required. This is basically a system view where all the system elements are created. Phase II – Software Requirements Analysis Here we have a phase where the requirements are gathered. The information domain for the software is understood. The function, behaviour, performance and interfacing of the software are determined. The requirements of the software and the customer are decided upon. Phase III – Design This determines the data structures, the software architecture, the interface representations and the procedural (algorithmic) detail that goes into the software. We will write a custom essay sample on Question Bank or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Phase IV – Code Generation Here the actual programming is done to obtain the machine code; it is an implementation of the design. Phase V – Testing The testing is a process that goes hand in hand with the production of the machine code. There are a number of testing strategies. First unit testing is done and then integration testing. Alpha testing is to see if the software is as per the analysis model whereas beta testing is to see if the software is what the customer wanted. Phase VI – Installation The software is released to the customer. Phase VII Maintenance This is the largest phase of the software life cycle. Maintenance can be of different types: to modify the software as the requirements of the customer evolve, to remove the residual bugs in the software etc. 2)What is feasibility study? What are the contents we should contain in the feasibility report? (5 mks) A feasibility study is an initial look at an existing information processing system to decide how it might be computerized or improved. The contents that a feasibility report are: †¢ A statement of purpose of the system. †¢ A definition of system scope. †¢ A list of deficiencies of the current system. †¢ A statement of user requirements. The cost and benefits of development. †¢ A conclusion and recommendations. 3)What are the purposes of Data Flow diagrams, Entity-Relationship diagrams? Give an example diagram of each. (10 mks) Data Flow Diagrams Data Flow diagrams are a means of representing a system at any level of detail with a graphic network of symbols showing data flows, data stores, data processes, and data sources/destinations. The purpose of data flow diagrams is to provide a semantic bridge between users and systems developers. The diagrams are: †¢ Graphical Eliminating thousands of words; Logical representations Modeling WHAT a system does, rather than physical models showing HOW it does it †¢ Hierarchical showing systems at any level of detail; and †¢ Jargonless allowing user understanding and reviewing. [pic] Entity Relationship Diagram E-R Diagram is a graphical representation of the data layout of a system at a high level of abstraction. It defines data elements and their inter-relationships in the system [pic] 4)What is data modeling? Give 5 examples for data modeling. (5 mks) Data modeling is the act of exploring data-oriented structures. Like other modeling artifacts data models can be used for a variety of purposes, from high-level conceptual models to physical data models. From the point of view of an object-oriented developer, data modeling is conceptually similar to class modeling. With data modeling you identify entity types whereas with class modeling you identify classes. Data attributes are assigned to entity types just as you would assign attributes and operations to classes. Examples for data modeling include: †¢ Entity-Relationship diagrams †¢ Entity-Definition reports †¢ Entity and attributes report †¢ Table definition report Relationships, inheritance, composition and aggregation. 5)What is the difference between SRS document and design document? What are the contents we should contain in the SRS document and design document. SRS Document SRS document is a contract between the development team and the customer. Once the SRS document is approved by the customer, any subsequent controversies are settled by referring the SRS document. SRS document defines the customer’s requirements in terms of Functions, performance, external interfaces and design constraints. SRS Includes: †¢ Functional †¢ Non functional User †¢ Interface †¢ System Design Document The purpose of a design is to describe how the enhancements will be incorporated into the existing project. It should contain samples of the finished product. This could include navigational mechanism screenshots, example reports, and component diagrams. Design Includes: †¢ E-R Diagrams †¢ Data flow diagrams †¢ Data Dictionary 6)Explain all the phases involved in the implementation phase. (10 mks) Conduct system Test In this test software packages and in – house programs have been installed and tested, we need to conduct a final system test. All software packages, custom- built programs, and many existing programs that comprise the new system must be tested to ensure that they all work together This task involves analysts, owners, users, and builders. Prepare Conversion Plan On successful completion of system test, we can begin preparations to place the new system into operation. Using the design specifications for the new system, the system analyst will develop a detailed conversion plan. This plan will identify Database to be installed, end – user training and documentation that needed to be developed, and a strategy for converting from the old system to the new system. The conversion plan may include one of the following commonly used installation strategies 1)  Abrupt Cut-over 2)  Parallel Conversion 3)  Location Conversion 4) Staged Conversion Install Databases In the previous phase we built and tested the database. To place the system into operation we need fully loaded databases. The purpose of this task is to populate the new systems databases with existing database from the old system. System builders play a primary role in this activity. Train Users Converting to a new system necessitates that system users be trained and provided with documentation that guides them through using the new system. Training can be performed one on one; however group training is preferred. This task will be completed by the system analysts and involves system owners and users. Convert to New System Conversion to the new system from old system is a significant milestone. After conversion, the ownership of the system officially transfers from the analysts and programmers to the end users. The analyst completes this task by carrying out the conversion plan Recall that the conversion plan includes detailed installation strategies to follow for converting from the existing to the new production information system. This task involves the system owners, users, analysts, designers, and builders. 7)List and explain different types of testing done during the testing phase. (10 mks) Unit Involves the design of test cases that validate that the internal program logic is functioning properly, and that program inputs produce valid outputs. All decision branches and internal code flow should be validated. Unit testing involves the use of debugging technology and testing techniques at an application component level and is typically the responsibility of the developers, not the QA staff. Integration As the system is integrated, it is tested by the system developer for specification compliance. †¢Concerned with testing the system as it is integrated from its components †¢Integration testing is normally the most expensive activity in the systems integration process †¢Should focus on: †¢Interface testing where the interactions between sub-systems and components are tested †¢Property testing where system properties such as reliability, performance and usability are tested System Testing the system as a whole to validate that it meets its specification and the objectives of its users. The testing of a complete system prior to delivery. The purpose of system testing is to identify defects that will only surface when a complete system is assembled. That is, defects that cannot be attributed to individual components or the interaction between two components. System testing includes testing of performance, security, configuration sensitivity, startup and recovery from failure modes. Involves test cases designed to validate that an application and its supporting hardware/software components are properly processing business data and transactions. System testing requires the use of regression testing techniques to validate that business functions are meeting defined requirements. Black Box This is testing without knowledge of the internal workings of the item being tested. For example, when black box testing is applied to software engineering, the tester would only know the legal inputs and what the expected outputs should be, but not how the program actually arrives at those outputs. It is because of this that black box testing can be considered testing with respect to the specifications, no other knowledge of the program is necessary. For this reason, the tester and the programmer can be independent of one another, avoiding programmer bias toward his own work. White Box Also known as glass box, structural, clear box and open box testing. White Box is a software testing technique whereby explicit knowledge of the internal workings of the item being tested are used to select the test data. Unlike Black Box testing, white box testing uses specific knowledge of programming code to examine outputs. The test is accurate only if the tester knows what the program is supposed to do. He or she can then see if the program diverges from its intended goal. White box testing does not account for errors caused by omission, and all visible code must also be readable. 8)List and explain all the phases involved in the construction phase. (10 mks) Build and Test Networks †¢ In many cases new or enhanced applications are built around existing networks. If so there is no problem. †¢ However if the new application calls for new or modified networks they must normally be implemented before building and testing databases and writing or installing computer programs that will use those networks. This phase involves analysts, designers and builders †¢ A network designer and network administrator assume the primary responsibility for completing this task. Build and Test Databases †¢ This task must immediately precede other programming activities because databases are the resource shared by the computer programs to be written. If new or modified databases are required for the new system, we can now build and test those databases. †¢ This task involves system users, analysts, designers, and builders. †¢ The same system specialist that designed the database will assume the primary responsibility in completing this task Install and Test New Software Packages †¢ Some systems solutions may have required the purchase or lease of software packages. If so, once networks and databases for the new system have been built, we can install and test the new software. †¢ This activity typically involves systems analysts, Designers, builders, vendors and consultants. Write and Test New Programs †¢ In this phase we are ready to develop any programs for the new system. Prototype programs are frequently constructed in the design phase. However, these prototypes are rarely fully functional or incomplete. This task involves the system analysts, designers and builders. 9)What is data conversion? Why is it necessary? Data Conversion is the changing of the data structure to accommodate new or different needs for the data. Different operating systems have different application software, and each application normally has its own internal way of saving data. There are some standards such as CSV files for databases and RTF files for word processing text, however, these are few and far between and often only save the basic information rather than the full structure. 10)What is change management? Computer based systems are dynamic. As the business Environment changes, there is a need of some changes to the information system. The changes occur not only during the study, design, and development phases of the life cycle of the system. In this process there are two elements that are essential to the management of change. †¢ The performance review board, which can make management–level decisions about system modifications. †¢ Baseline documentation, which can be referred to, to determine the extent and impact of proposed modifications. 11)What is user acceptance testing? Explain different testings in user acceptance testing. Why is it necessary? User Acceptance Testing is a phase of software development in which the software is tested in the real world by the intended audience. Different testings are: Alpha Testing Alpha testing is the software prototype stage when the software is first able to run. It will not have all the intended functionality, but it will have core functions and will be able to accept inputs and generate outputs. An alpha test usually takes place in the developers offices on a separate system. Beta Testing The beta phase of software design exposes a new product, which has just emerged from in-house (alpha) testing, to a large number of real people, real hardware, and real usage. Beta testing is not a method of getting free software long-term, because the software expires shortly after the testing period. User acceptance testing is used to know if the system is working or not (both clients in-house) 12)What are functional and non-functional requirements? Functional †¢ How the system should react to the particular inputs †¢ How the system should behave to the particular situations †¢ What the system should not do Non functional †¢ Constraints on the services or functions †¢ Time constraints †¢ Constraints on the development process 13)Explain the steps involved in the prototyping 1. Define the goal and purpose of the prototyping. 2. Make plans for iterations (number, range) and evaluations (dates). 3. Transform the conceptual design to a first outline of the user interface and a first synopsis for the users’ information. 4. Design the paper prototype. 5. Let domain experts review the paper prototype regarding completeness and correctness. 6. Test the prototype’s usability.

Obama the First Black President free essay sample

America with Barack Obama becoming the first black president of the United States. Overnight the African American population got an Image that they always wanted to have. It was the greatest political victory In the history of black America. During the 2008 presidential election Senator Barack Obama received support from many hip hop artists Like Young Jeez, Jay-Z, Drake and Will I am.These artists expressed their support for his election by mentioning Barack Obama ;s name and his political affiliations in their years or Just spread messages over the daily media which is used today like the Internet. The artists used Backbone, Youth, Twitter for telling the fans of their music to vote for Barack Obama. This support created a huge interest in politics amongst the younger generation and strengthened support among hip hop fans for Barack Beams election as President.Many people see Hip Hop as party music; where it should Just move the crowd, the link to gangs and rap, graffiti, breakneck, violence and the extraordinary lifestyle. We will write a custom essay sample on Obama the First Black President or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It Is not all like that It can also be regarded as literally Important; hip-hop has a long history of artists recording songs with explicitly political Intent. This term paper Investigates the link between HIP Hop, politics and Barack Obama as an issue. How Barack Obama got involved Into HIP Hop. The first chapter will give you a short overview about what is Hip Hop and when did it come into existence?The second chapter will outline the roots of political hip-hop. In the last chapter you will get information about how Barack Obama got involved into Hip Hop with the help of media, which artists supported him and spread messages ever Youth, or mentioned his name in their lyrics to make the population of America vote for him during the 2008 election. Examining the song texts you will get an overview about which artist was supportive and which one less. 2. What Is HIP Hop? These words we say, we want yea II to hearWere goanna make a lot of sense- were goanna make It clear These phrases tell the people what Hip Hop is about. In Hip Hop is every word important the artists express themselves by speaking. According to wrath s the Joint: The Hip Hop Reader is rap mostly spoken with a rhythm of bass, drums, and some keyboard sounds. The Hip Hop history started in the early sasss where some of the elements that make up rap music were included in Blues and Jazz. Hip Hop and Rap music became its own music genre in the sasss created by African- Americans and Latino- Americans.It started in the South Bronx of New York where the artists created a beautiful, prideful expression of music, art and dance from a background of poverty. DC s began with scratching records and made rhythms, beats and other sounds. Rap music Is a form of rhymed storytelling accompanied by highly rhythmic, electronically based music. Rappers would speak with the voice of personal experience, From the outset rap music has articulated the pleasures and problems of black urban life In America.In 1982 Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five released the single The Message and Fathers of Hip Hop, Run DMS a group of three men pioneered rap music in the 1980 s. They were the first rappers who got a gold album, a platinum album, a multi- platinum album, a music video on MAT and they were the first rappers seen on TV and who were in several magazines. Since then Hip Hop inspired lots of people all over the world. It is discussed as an art form which includes not Just rap but also: the DC, the emcee, graffiti writing, and break dancing. 3.Political Hip Hop Political Hip Hop can be used as an educational tool and make people think about what is going on in the world. The lyrics often have a political impact which is based on the issues of political economy. But they can also be seen as real-life reflections and draw attention to problems in their country. Political Lyrics can have a lot of political functions. They can stand for public social critique and political discourse. They invite the population to political participation for example: see the political issues and causes or simply go and vote.By promoting particular courses of action they can lead to better social conditions. According to Benefited (2009) is Hip- Hop music political on all different kinds of levels. Politics play an important role in Hip- Hop. Already in 1988 a front man of the rap group Public Enemy said that Hip Hop is the Black CNN. Travis L. Goes(2) says that Hip Hop music was more political in the sasss and sasss and had more political meaningfulness up to the mid sasss. After that gangster rap became more and more popular in the African- American society. Political rap got replaced by pornographic music videos, extreme materialism, individualism, and anti- intellectualism.. . . (3) The shift from Public Enemys Fight The Power (1988) to Snoop Dogs Gin and Juice,(3) was in the mid sasss simply rhyming which was mostly about urban social conditions, being a gangster and violence. In 2008 a lot of hip hop artists stood up for Senator Barack Obama during his campaign which is widely viewed as one of the most successful presidential campaign in U. S. History.They supported him during the election through media, song lyrics and short videos and showed that politics are important. They wanted to move the American population to vote for the first black President. The next pages will give you an overview about Obama becoming the first Hip Hop President. 4. Obama the first Hip Hop President Hip Hop music and the culture got more and more popular outside the Hip Hop community. The artists have been writing songs for a larger audience. The songs are being played in the clubs all over the world even not native speaker of English can understand what it is about.When Hip Hop artists used Obama in their lyrics during the 2008 presidential election the whole world could listen to their music about him on the radio in the clubs or through media, like the internet. In a Youth Interview (4) Barack Obama was asked about his opinion on Hip Hop and rap in 2008. He admitted that he likes Hip Hop especially Jay Z and Kenya West and he likes the art about it but he is concerned about some lyrics where the artists Just rap about material stuff like money, cars and houses.Also they often use the word Niger ND can give a lot to younger people. It is not Just a mirror it should be a reflection, (4) (Obama interview) reflection of life, a message that is spread through music to the younger generation. Barack Obama said that he does not think that the young generation gets their information through the New York Times. It is easier to listen to music which you like and get your information out of it. A lot of artists supported Barack Obama during his election in 2008 also Jay Z, Kenya West, Ill Wayne and Will I am. Will I am made for example a video which you can see on Youth with several artists and celebrities singing the famous mimes We Can slogan and also included elements of Barack Obama s speech. The others made so called mistakes where they made a remix of their songs with Obama and his political afflictions. The most remixed words were change and hope. According to Travis L. Goes they should energize unlikely black voters(5) and identify Obama as meaningfully black by making him an honorary member of the Hip Hop community.The election of Barack Obama as the first black president is an important symbol for the African- American society of America after the Civil rights movement. Some of the Hip Hop artists compare him even to Martin Luther King Jar. And Malcolm X. A vote for Obama is a vote for the important features hope, change and believing The society was however divided. According to Forman, Murray (2010) there were some public concerns about Senator Obama s age and relative inexperience, his lack of political pedigree, and crucially, concerns about his identity as a black man. (6) On the other site these factors were welcomed for the young voters because it was something new. Something they never had before in compare to the standard Laotians. He represents himself with an elegance, intellectual acumen and great rhetorical skills. As an American of mixed race, with black and white ancestry and a foreign and domestic heritage, Obama presents a different face of American politics and a new model of 21st (Forman, Murray 2010) Many people believed that the point of Barack Obama becoming the first black president would even reduce racism because people would have to accept a black president. This is also one reason why Hip Hop artist wanted to help to elect the first black president. They felt honored to rite lyrics about him as the new black hero of the future they wanted to make Beams presidency important. 5. Hip Hops support for Obama This chapter will give you the analysis of the song text by Jay Z My President is black and Ill Wayne s song Barack Obama A Mill (remix) how these two artists supported Barack Obama during his election in 2008. In their lyrics.Jay Gs song starts with the phrase My president is black my Maybe too First of all he is comparing Barack Obama to his car Maybe which is also black. This is even half true because Barack Obama is half black and half white. His father is Kenya and his mother is a white Kansas. Secondly he shows in the first line his materialism which is typical for the new hip hop of the millennium having big cars and spending a lot of money. Obama is a person which is not comparable with a thing in this case a car.In the following lines Jay Z raps about Barack Obama who is black but lives in a white lived in the White House of America. My President Is Black but his house is all white Rosa parks sat so martin Luther could walk martin Luther walked so Barack Obama could run Barack Obama ran so all the children could fly Furthermore he is comparing Obama to Martin Luther King Jar. And Rosa Parks. They were both civil rights activists. Rosa Parks was the first lady of the civil rights movement who did not give up her seat in the Montgomery bus boycott to a white passenger.It was the first resistance against racism and a symbol which was important for the African-American population. Also Martin Luther King Jar. Is a hero for that society. So Barack Obama is the new hero the symbol for African-Americans which should raise them to the next stage. He is like them and thats why they associate him with the words hope and change The last phrase of the citation is about children where Jay Z wants to show that Barack Obama inspired a lot of children to go for better and higher things like education for example.Probably he raps about black children who got inspired by the president since the four phrases are about black people. All in all Jay Z is pointing out that there must be a change you can keep yea puss I dont want no more bush no more war no more Iraq no more white lies the president is black. People got tired about lies of George W. Bush and the Iraq war. Barack Obama should be the new President. Conclusion While Obama is an African-American man, he is not the Lampooning-driving, handgun-toting, sandbagging boy from the hood that these lyrics frequently illustrate.The image he had created for himself as a trustworthy, intelligent man, who would bring political and social change to the United States becomes challenged by hip-hops association with ideals that voters may find unclear and unappealing. This study has found that the words used to describe Obama in hip-hop lyrics are positive sounding and reflect his abilities as a leader and a powerful man. However, the lyrics in which these words are found become problematic as they associate Barack Obama with a culture and lifestyle where he simply does not belong as someone who is campaigning for the United States Presidency.While these songs are written in strong support of Obama as a President, the lyrics do not reflect the general way of life and opinions of the potential voters, and thus the relationship between hip-hop and Obama may be problematic for individuals who support Obama as the next President. The study further established that the number of mimes Obama is mentioned in these song lyrics has little or no effect on the overall message that the artist is attempting to communicate.The most popular words that are found in these songs are also problematic, as the lyrics contained extensive use of provocative and insensitive language. Furthermore, the songs that were analyzed make extensive referrals to stereotypical and clickd images of African-American culture. While this is very common in hip-hop music, it should not be common in songs written about Obama, as it connects his identity as a black man too problematic culture and lifestyle.